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Our carefully curated collection of second-semester Applied Biochemistry notes will help you dive deeper into this dynamic discipline, providing valuable insights and guidance to enhance your understanding. We invite you to explore our content, discover the wonders of biochemistry in action, and unlock the potential of this exciting field.
Unit-1
Carbohydrates
- Digestion, absorption, and metabolism of carbohydrates and related disorders
- Regulation of blood glucose
- Diabetes Mellitus – type 1 and type 2, symptoms, complications & management in brief
- Investigations of Diabetes Mellitus OGTT – Indications, Procedure, Interpretation and Types of GTT curve Mini GTT, extended GTT, GCT, IV
- GTT
- HbA1c (Only definition)
- Hypoglycemia – Definition & causes
Unit-2
Lipids
- Fatty acids – Definition, classification
- Definition & Clinical significance of MUFA & PUFA, Essential fatty acids,
- Trans fatty acids
- Digestion, absorption & metabolism of lipids & related disorders
- Compounds formed from cholesterol Ketone bodies (name, types & significance only)
- Lipoproteins – types & functions (metabolism not required)
- Lipid profile
- Atherosclerosis (in brief)
Unit-3
Proteins
- Classification of amino acids based on nutrition, metabolic rate with examples
- Digestion, absorption & metabolism of protein & related disorders
- Biologically important compounds synthesized from various amino acids (only names)
- Inborn errors of amino acid metabolism – only aromatic amino acids (in brief)
- Plasma protein – types, function & normal values cause of proteinuria, hypoproteinemia, hyper gamma globinemia Principle of electrophoresis, normal & abnormal electrophoretic patterns (in brief)
Unit-4
Clinical Enzymology
- Isoenzymes – Definition & properties
- Enzymes of diagnostic importance in
- Liver Diseases – ALT, AST, ALP, GGT
- Myocardial infarction – CK, cardiac troponins, AST, LDH
- Muscle diseases – CK, Aldolase
- Bone diseases – ALP
- Prostate cancer – PSA, ACP
Unit-5
Acid-base maintenance
- pH – definition, normal value
- Regulation of blood pH – blood buffer, respiratory & renal
- ABG – normal values
- Acid-base disorders – types, definition & causes
Unit-6
Heme catabolism
- Heme degradation pathway
- Jaundice – type, causes, urine & blood investigations (van den berg test)
Unit-7
Organ function tests
(biochemical parameters & average values only)
- Renal
- Liver
- Thyroid
Unit-8
Immunochemistry
- Structure & functions of immunoglobulin Investigations & interpretation – ELISA
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